Journal of Community Health Provision

The Effect of Giving D-Galactose as an Aging Inducer on Body Weight, Glucose Levels and Interleukin-6 Levels in Wistar Rats

Arlina Wiyata Gama — 2025-04-11

Aging is a complex biological process characterized by a decline in physiological functions and an increased susceptibility to chronic diseases. D-galactose, although a naturally occurring monosaccharide, can induce aging when administered in high doses by increasing oxidative stress and inflammation, as indicated by elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). This study aimed to analyze the changes in body weight, blood glucose levels, and IL-6 levels in Wistar rats following D-galactose administration, with the goal of gaining insights into aging mechanisms and exploring potential therapeutic targets for age-related diseases. This was an experimental study using a pre- and post-test design, involving 20 male Wistar rats divided into two groups: a treatment group that received 150 mg/kgBW of D-galactose and a control group that received 0.9% NaCl, both for a duration of six weeks. The study was conducted at the PSPD Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UIN Alauddin Makassar, from August to October 2024. Body weight, fasting blood glucose, and serum IL-6 levels were measured weekly using ELISA and a glucometer. Variables analyzed included body weight, glucose levels, and IL-6 levels, with controlled variables such as age, sex, strain, feed, water, and housing conditions. Data were analyzed using an independent t-test with a significance level of p < 0.05. Although changes were observed in all variables, the administration of D-galactose did not result in statistically significant differences in body weight or blood glucose levels between the treatment and control groups. These findings suggest that the aging process induced by D-galactose may involve more complex mechanisms and require further investigation to fully understand its effects and implications for human health.

Anticancer Assay of Methanol Extract of Gracilaria salicornia Originating from the Hari Islands, Southeast Sulawesi, Against MCF-7 Cancer Cells

Sernita Sernita — 2025-04-25

Marine macroalgae represent a promising but underexplored resource for anticancer drug discovery due to their diverse repertoire of bioactive secondary metabolites. Gracilaria salicornia, a red alga found abundantly in the waters surrounding the Hari Islands, Southeast Sulawesi, has not been previously studied for its cytotoxic potential. This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical composition and anticancer activity of methanol extract from G. salicornia against MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. The algae were extracted using a gradient solvent system, with methanol selected for further testing due to its polarity and broad extraction capacity. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, phenolics, and steroids/terpenoids—classes of compounds known for their cytotoxic, pro-apoptotic, and redox-modulatory properties. General toxicity was assessed using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT), with the extract demonstrating moderate toxicity (LC₅₀ = 561.26 mg/L), indicating the presence of bioactive constituents. Cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cells was evaluated using the MTT assay, yielding an IC₅₀ value of 414.6 mg/L. Although lower than the standard chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin (IC₅₀ = 4.1 mg/L), the observed activity supports the hypothesis that G. salicornia contains compounds with therapeutic relevance. These findings suggest that G. salicornia harbors cytotoxic agents that act through diverse mechanisms, likely involving oxidative stress and hormonal regulation. While the crude extract exhibited only moderate activity, its phytochemical richness warrants further fractionation, isolation, and mechanism-of-action studies. This study provides foundational evidence for the potential of Indonesian marine algae in cancer drug discovery and highlights the need for continued exploration of native marine biodiversity as a source of novel chemotherapeutic agents.

Law Enforcement Against Medical Personnel as Perpetrators of Fraud in the National Health Insurance Program

Viona Priscilia — 2025-04-25

JKN is program issued by the government aimed providing certainty in providing comprehensive health services for all Indonesian citizens. However, since JKN was first implemented until now, many challenges have been experienced, one of which is the large number of fraudulent acts in its implementation dominated by JKN participants themselves. Therefore, this research aims to find out. what prevention efforts have been carried out, the application of current sanctions, and how to update the application of sanctions for JKN participants who commit fraud in the implementation of JKN in Indonesia. This research is normative legal research referring to legal sources, especially statutory regulations relating to acts of fraud in healthservice programs. Legal sources in this writing consist of primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. The data collection technique used is library research. The data analysis techniques carried out in this research will go through a qualitative processing and analysis stage. The results of this research show that prevention efforts that have been carriedout by the government include reporting suspected fraud to the Fraud Prevention and Handling Team, maintaining the confidentiality of residence identity and JKN KIS cards so that they are not misused, and complying with all existing regulations, then implementing sanctions against Currently, acts of fraud only take the form of administrative sanctions,therefore the effort to reform the application of sanctions is to include the concept of criminalization in the form of imprisonment in order to catch fraudsters in the implementation of JKN in Indonesia.

Emerging Trends in Vaccine Development Integrating Pharmaceutical Science with Public Health

Vausan Mafuts — 2025-04-25

The rapid evolution of vaccine science accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic has generated profound shifts in the landscape of global health, biotechnology, and public policy. This study conducts a thematic scoping review to critically examine emerging paradigms in vaccine development, focusing on their scientific innovation, translational pathways, regulatory integration, and public health implementation. Drawing on peer-reviewed literature and strategic policy documents from 2018 to 2025, the analysis identifies four interrelated domains: (1) technological innovation in platforms such as mRNA, saRNA, AI-guided antigen design, and nanocarrier systems; (2) translational pharmacology, including the challenges of real-world implementation, personalized immunization, and genomically-informed vaccinology; (3) policy integration and the tensions between global regulatory architectures, intellectual property regimes, and regional manufacturing autonomy; and (4) public health implementation, where infrastructure, sociopolitical trust, and health equity shape uptake and access. Across all domains, the study finds that scientific progress alone is insufficient to ensure global immunization justice. Instead, the translation of vaccine innovation into equitable impact is mediated by structural inequalities, geopolitical asymmetries, and the uneven capacities of health systems. The findings underscore the urgent need for ethically grounded, interdisciplinary strategies that align biotechnological advancement with equitable public health outcomes, particularly in low- and middle-income contexts.

Bridging Clinical Gaps: How Pharmaceutical Sciences Are Transforming Medical Practices

Widya Hastutik — 2025-04-25

This study explores how pharmaceutical sciences are transforming medical practices by bridging clinical gaps through innovative drug development. By focusing on advancements in personalized medicine, biologics, targeted therapies, and drug delivery systems, the research highlights how these innovations are improving patient outcomes, reducing healthcare costs, and enhancing treatment efficiency. The findings show a significant reduction in mortality and morbidity rates, shortened hospital stays, and improved drug adoption rates, underscoring the effectiveness of modern pharmaceutical advancements in medical practice. Through a comprehensive analysis, this study contributes to understanding how pharmaceutical sciences can address critical clinical challenges and offers insights into future medical practices.