Breadfruit Leaf Extract (Artocarpus altilis) and Its Effect on Triglyceride Levels in Obese Adults

Article Sidebar

PDF
Published: Dec 30, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.55885/jchp.v5i3.1115
Keywords:
Artocarpus Altilis, Breadfruit Leaf Extract, Obesity, Triglyceride, Dyslipidemia

Main Article Content

Andira Ratu Nurrasyid
Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin
Nur Andani
Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin

Abstract

Obesity is a major global health problem closely associated with metabolic dysfunction, including dyslipidemia and elevated triglyceride levels, which increase cardiovascular risk. Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) leaf extract has been traditionally used for metabolic disorders and contains bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and phenolics with antioxidant and lipid-regulating properties, but clinical evidence on its triglyceride-lowering effect in obese adults remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Artocarpus altilis leaf extract supplementation on triglyceride levels among obese adults. A quasi-experimental study with a pretest–posttest control group design was conducted at Puskesmas Makkasau, Makassar, Indonesia. Eighty-two obese adults (BMI ≥25 kg/m², aged 30–60 years) were allocated into an intervention group (n = 41, breadfruit leaf extract) and a control group (n = 41, placebo/standard care). Serum triglyceride levels were measured at baseline and after 8 weeks. Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups (p > 0.05). After 8 weeks, the intervention group showed a significantly greater triglyceride reduction (−46.9 ± 28.4 mg/dL) than the control group (−7.9 ± 20.5 mg/dL), with a between-group difference of −39.0 mg/dL (p < 0.001).

Article Details

How to Cite
Nurrasyid, A. R., & Andani, N. . (2025). Breadfruit Leaf Extract (Artocarpus altilis) and Its Effect on Triglyceride Levels in Obese Adults . Journal of Community Health Provision, 5(3), 174-181. https://doi.org/10.55885/jchp.v5i3.1115
Issue
Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): Journal of Community Health Provision
Section
Articles
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

References

Adaramoye, O. A., & Akanni, O. O. (2014). Effects of methanol extract of breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) on atherogenic indices and redox status of cellular system of hypercholesterolemic male rats. Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2014(1), 605425. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/605425

Asni, W. O. N., & Rahayu, Y. S. (2025). Antidiabetic Test of Breadfunnel Leaves (Artocarpus communis) on Reducing Blood Sugar Levels In Mice (Mus musculus). International Journal of Multidisciplinary Learners, 1(3), 132-139.

Blüher, M. (2019). Obesity: global epidemiology and pathogenesis. Nature reviews endocrinology, 15(5), 288-298. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-019-0176-8

Chooi, Y. C., Ding, C., & Magkos, F. (2019). The epidemiology of obesity. Metabolism, 92, 6-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2018.09.005

Ellulu, M. S., Patimah, I., Khaza’ai, H., Rahmat, A., & Abed, Y. (2017). Obesity and inflammation: The linking mechanism and the complications. Archives of Medical Science, 13(4), 851–863.

Ganesan, K., & Xu, B. (2017). Molecular targets of dietary flavonoids: A review. Nutrients, 9(10), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9101142

Jagtap, U. B., & Bapat, V. A. (2010). Artocarpus: A review of its traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 129(2), 142–166.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2010.03.031

Jariah, A., Jafar, N., Bahar, B., Salam, A., Wahiduddin, & Amiruddin, R. (2024). Effect of breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) leaf extract on blood pressure in obese adults in Makassar, Indonesia. Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal, 17(1), 369–375.

https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2863

Koliaki, C., Dalamaga, M., & Liatis, S. (2023). Update on the obesity epidemic: after the sudden rise, is the upward trajectory beginning to flatten?. Current obesity reports, 12(4), 514-527. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-023-00527-y

Kurniati, Y. (2024). Effectiveness of breadfruit leaf extract (Artocarpus altilis) in improving metabolic syndrome (METS) components in diabetes mellitus patients in bone regency-Indonesia. African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition & Development, 24(11), 25059.

Mehta, K. A., Quek, Y. C. R., & Henry, C. J. (2023). Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis): Processing, nutritional quality, and food applications. Frontiers in Nutrition, 10, 1156155. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2023.1156155

Ng, M., Fleming, T., Robinson, M., Thomson, B., Graetz, N., Margono, C., ... & Gakidou, E. (2014). Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. The lancet, 384(9945), 766-781.

Nordestgaard, B. G. (2016). Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Circulation Research, 118(4), 547–563.

https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.115.306249

Omoruyi, B. E., Afolayan, A. J., & Ashafa, A. O. T. (2015). Assessment of the phytochemical constituents and antioxidant properties of Artocarpus altilis leaf extract. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine.

https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/951438

Panche, A. N., Diwan, A. D., & Chandra, S. R. (2016). Flavonoids: An overview. Journal of Nutritional Science, 5, e47. https://doi.org/10.1017/jns.2016.41

Raihandhany, R. (2022). A review on ethnobotanical aspects of Artocarpus altilis (Park.) Fosberg (Syn: artocarpus communis JR Forst. & G. Forst.)(Breadfruit) in Indonesia. Genbinesia Journal of Biology, 1(3), 107-119. https://doi.org/10.55655/genbinesia.v1i3.19

Rohm, T. V., Meier, D. T., Olefsky, J. M., & Donath, M. Y. (2022). Inflammation in obesity, diabetes, and related disorders. Immunity, 55(1), 31-55.

Ulandari, S., Hidayanty, H., Jafar, N., Indriasari, R., Daud, N. A., & Riskiyani, S. (2023). The Effect of Breadfruit Leaf Extract (Artocarpus Altilis) on Fasting Blood Sugar Levels among Diabetes Mellitus (DM) Type 2 Outpatient at Biru Public Health Center of Bone Regency, Indonesia. Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal, 16(1), 559-565. https://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2637

Unamuno, X., Gómez‐Ambrosi, J., Rodríguez, A., Becerril, S., Frühbeck, G., & Catalán, V. (2018). Adipokine dysregulation and adipose tissue inflammation in human obesity. European journal of clinical investigation, 48(9), e12997.

Virani, S. S., Morris, P. B., Agarwala, A., Ballantyne, C. M., Birtcher, K. K., Kris-Etherton, P. M., ... & Stone, N. J. (2021). 2021 ACC expert consensus decision pathway on the management of ASCVD risk reduction in patients with persistent hypertriglyceridemia: a report of the American College of Cardiology Solution Set Oversight Committee. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 78(9), 960-993.