The Influence of Transformational Leadership and Work Discipline on the Performance of Public Junior High School Teachers Subrayon Sepaku

Nurasiah Nurasiah; Andi Nur  Insan; Wahyu Wahyu

doi:10.55885/jerp.v6i1.915

Authors

Nurasiah Master of Management Program, Faculty of Graduate Studies, Universitas Fajar Makassar, Indonesia
Andi Nur Insan Master of Management Program, Faculty of Graduate Studies, Universitas Fajar Makassar, Indonesia
Wahyu Master of Management Program, Faculty of Graduate Studies, Universitas Fajar Makassar, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55885/jerp.v6i1.915

Keywords:

Transformational Leadership, Work Discipline, Teacher Performance

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of transformational leadership and work discipline on the performance of teachers at public junior high schools in Sepaku Subrayon, Penajam Paser Utara Regency. The method of this research was quantitative with survey approach. The research tool used was a questionnaire randomly given to the respondents. The population of this study consisted of all teachers of the Civil Servant (ASN) in public junior high schools in the Sepaku Subrayon, Penajam Paser Utara Regency with 64 respondents including 2 teachers from SMP Negeri 2 PPU, 6 teachers from SMP Negeri 6 PPU, 12 teachers from SMP Negeri 12 PPU, 20 teachers from SMP Negeri 20 PPU, and 26 teachers from SMP Negeri 27 PPU. The sampling technique employed was saturated sampling wherein the whole population was used as the research sample. The data collected were analysed descriptively and inferentially with the help of SPSS software. After completing the prerequisite tests such as Normality test, Multicollinearity test and Heteroscedasticity test, the hypothesis testing was done using multiple linear regression analysis, t-test and F-test. The findings presented that partially, the leadership (transformational) had no significant influence on teacher performance. In contrast, work discipline had a positive and significant effect on teacher performance. At the same time, transformational leadership and work discipline significantly influenced the teacher performance in public junior high schools in the Sepaku Subrayon, Penajam Paser Utara Regency.

References

Adarkwah, M. A., & Zeyuan, Y. (2020). The Paradoxical Relationship between Principals' Transformational Leadership Styles and Teachers' Motivation. Online Submission, 6(2), 15-46.

Adinata, U. W. S. (2015). Pengaruh kepemimpinan transformasional, motivasi, dan budaya organisasi terhadap kinerja karyawan kjks bmt tamzis bandung. Jurnal Ekonomi, Bisnis & Entrepreneurship, 9(2), 41358.

Afifah, S. N., Qomariyah, S., Neneng, N., Erviana, R., & Rizki, N. J. (2024). Gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru di madrasah aliyah negeri 1 kota Sukabumi. Mutiara: Jurnal Penelitian Dan Karya Ilmiah, 2(4), 158-181. https://doi.org/10.59059/mutiara.v2i4.1478

Agustina, F., & Anshori, M. I. (2024). Peran kompetensi individu terhadap kinerja karyawan pada PT Berkah Industri Mesin Angkat (BIMA) Surabaya. Jurnal Riset Manajemen, 2(2), 82-93. https://doi.org/10.54066/jurma.v2i2.1773

Ahmad Saifuddin, W. (2020). The influence of transformational leadership, job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior on the performance of Islamic School Teachers. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 11(7).

Akpa, V. O., Asikhia, O. U., & Nneji, N. E. (2021). Organizational culture and organizational performance: A review of literature. International journal of advances in engineering and management, 3(1), 361-372.

Alexander, F. Y. (2023). Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan transformasional kepala sekolah dan budaya organisasi terhadap kinerja guru melalui disiplin kerja guru di SMK Panca Dharma Balikpapan. Jurnal Manajerial Bisnis, 7(1), 23-34. https://doi.org/10.37504/jmb.v7i1.557

Alzoraiki, M., Ahmad, A. R., Ateeq, A., & Milhem, M. (2024, July). The role of transformational leadership in enhancing school culture and teaching performance in Yemeni public schools. In Frontiers in education (Vol. 9, p. 1413607). Frontiers Media SA. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2024.1413607

Anderson, M. (2017). Transformational leadership in education: A review of existing literature. International Social Science Review, 93(1), 1-13.

Asiah, S. (2016). Efektivitas Kinerja Guru. TADBIR: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 4(2), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.30603/tjmpi.v4i2.435

Baptiste, M. (2019). No Teacher Left Behind: The Impact of Principal Leadership Styles on Teacher Job Satisfaction and Student Success. Journal of International education and leadership, 9(1), n1.

Budiwibowo, S. (2016). Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan transaksional, transformasional dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja guru (karyawan) di kota Madiun. Premiere Educandum: Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar dan Pembelajaran, 4(02).

Darling-Hammond, L. (2016). Research on teaching and teacher education and its influences on policy and practice. Educational Researcher, 45(2), 83-91. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X16639597

Daulay, R., Kurnia, E., & Maulana, I. (2019, October). Analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja karyawan pada perusahaan daerah di Kota Medan. In Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kewirausahaan (Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 209-218). https://doi.org/10.30596/snk.v1i1.3612

Eliophotou-Menon, M., & Ioannou, A. (2016). The Link Between Transformational Leadership and Teachers'job Satisfaction, Commitment, Motivation To Learn, and Trust In The Leader. Academy of Educational Leadership Journal, 20(3).

Ermita, L., & Baysa, M. L. (2025). Transformational leadership practices of school heads: Teachers’ motivation and school performance. Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan, 3(3), 178-202. https://doi.org/10.60132/jip.v3i3.499

Fadillah, R. B. M. Y. D., & Ismail, B. (2018). The effect of incentive system on job performance motivation as mediator for public sector organization in UAE. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(4.7), 380-388.

Gahungu, A. (2018). Indiscipline and Safety in Public Schools: Teachers and Principals at Odds. International Journal of Research in Education and Science, 4(2), 375-390.

Ghasabeh, M. S., Soosay, C., & Reaiche, C. (2015). The emerging role of transformational leadership. The Journal of Developing Areas, 49(6), 459-467. https://doi.org/10.1353/jda.2015.0090

Gusli, R. A. (2024). Upaya Pemimpin dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi dan Kinerja Guru di SDN 09 V Koto Kampung Dalam. AL-MARSUS: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 2(2), 102-114. https://doi.org/10.30983/al-marsus.v2i2.8531

Gyan, S. A. M. P. S. O. N. (2021). Causes of indiscipline among students of Mim Senior High School-implications for guidance and counselling (Doctoral dissertation, University of Education, Winneba).

Harto, M., & Madihah, H. (2025). Manajemen kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru. Jurnal Terapung: Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial, 7(1), 77-95. https://dx.doi.org/10.31602/jt.v7i1.18484

Hasan, M. Z., Mallik, A., & Tsou, J. C. (2021). Learning method design for engineering students to be prepared for Industry 4.0: a Kaizen approach. Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning, 11(1), 182-198. https://doi.org/10.1108/HESWBL-07-2019-0098

Jamshidi, N., Molazem, Z., Sharif, F., Torabizadeh, C., & Najafi Kalyani, M. (2016). The challenges of nursing students in the clinical learning environment: A qualitative study. The scientific world journal, 2016(1), 1846178. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/1846178

Jaroliya, D., & Gyanchandani, R. (2022). Transformational leadership style: a boost or hindrance to team performance in IT sector. Vilakshan-XIMB Journal of Management, 19(1), 87-105. https://doi.org/10.1108/XJM-10-2020-0167

Juwantini, N., Rochman, T., & Edy, S. (2022). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional Kepala Sekolah dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Disiplin Kerja dan Dampaknya pada Kinerja. JURNAL EMAS: Ekonomi Manajemen Akuntansi Kewirausahaan, 2(2), 36-42.

Khan, I. U., Amin, R. U., & Saif, N. (2025). Individualized consideration and idealized influence of transformational leadership: Mediating role of inspirational motivation and intellectual stimulation. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 28(6), 1322-1332. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603124.2022.2076286

Kim, J. (2020). Learning and teaching online during Covid-19: Experiences of student teachers in an early childhood education practicum. International journal of early childhood, 52(2), 145-158. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13158-020-00272-6

König, J., Jäger-Biela, D. J., & Glutsch, N. (2020). Adapting to online teaching during COVID-19 school closure: teacher education and teacher competence effects among early career teachers in Germany. European journal of teacher education, 43(4), 608-622. https://doi.org/10.1080/02619768.2020.1809650

Kooli, C., & Abadli, R. (2022). Could education quality audit enhance human resources management processes of the higher education institutions?. Vision, 26(4), 482-490. https://doi.org/10.1177/09722629211005599

Kuranchie-Mensah, E. B., & Amponsah-Tawiah, K. (2016). Employee motivation and work performance: A comparative study of mining companies in Ghana. Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management (JIEM), 9(2), 255-309. https://doi.org/10.3926/jiem.1530

Kurniawati, N. R. (2023). Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan transformasional kepala madrasah, motivasi kerja dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja guru madrasah aliyah. JIIP-Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 6(1), 583-595. https://doi.org/10.54371/jiip.v6i1.1395

Liu, P., Alias, B. S., & Alias, B. S. (2024). Teacher motivation and commitment through transformational leadership in China’s vocational schools. Journal of Ecohumanism, 3(4), 1771-1779.

Madani, R. A. (2019). Analysis of educational quality, a goal of education for all policy. Higher Education Studies, 9(1), 100-109.

Marlina, D., & Suriansyah, A. (2019). The effect of transformational leadership and work motivation on teacher performance through teacher discipline. Journal of K6 Education and Management, 2(4), 340-348.

Maryani, Y., Entang, M., & Tukiran, M. (2021). The relationship between work motivation, work discipline and employee performance at the Regional Secretariat of Bogor City. International Journal of Social and Management Studies, 2(2), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.5555/ijosmas.v2i2.14

Masnawati, E., & Darmawan, D. (2022). School organization effectiveness: Educational leadership strategies in resource management and teacher performance evaluation. International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology, 2(1), 43-51.

Miharja, T. S., & Aryanto, V. D. W. (2023). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional, Motivasi Kerja, dan Budaya Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Guru SMP Negeri. Journal of Trends Economics and Accounting Research, 4(2), 406-413. https://doi.org/10.47065/jtear.v4i2.1088

Mohiuddin, Z. A. (2017). Influence of leadership style on employees performance: Evidence from literatures. Journal of Marketing and Management, 8(1), 18.

Munir, F., & Aboidullah, M. (2018). Gender Differences in Transformational Leadership Behaviors of School Principals and Teachers' Academic Effectiveness. Bulletin of Education and Research, 40(1), 99-113.

Mustotiah, M., Suriansyah, A., & Ahmad, K. I. (2025). Hubungan Gaya Kepemimpinan Transformasional Kepala Sekolah terhadap Kinerja Guru melalui Kecerdasan Emosional dan Displin Kerja Guru. Jurnal Studi Guru dan Pembelajaran, 8(1), 156-177. https://doi.org/10.30605/jsgp.8.1.2025.5357

Nafal, Q., Maunah, B., & Patoni, A. (2024). Hakikat kepemimpinan transformasional. IHSANIKA: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 2(3), 45-58. https://doi.org/10.59841/ihsanika.v2i3.1361

Nuel, O. I. E., Ifechi, A. N., & Emmanuella, U. I. (2021). Transformational leadership and organizational success: Evidence from tertiary institutions. Journal of Economics and Business, 4(1).

Osabiya, B. J. (2015). The effect of employees motivation on organizational performance. Journal of public administration and policy research, 7(4), 62-75. https://doi.org/10.5897/JPAPR2014.0300

Penava, S., & Sehic, D. (2014). The relevance of transformational leadership in shaping employee attitudes towards organisational change. Economic Annals, 59(200), 131-162. https://doi.org/10.2298/EKA1400131P

Perkasa, D. H., Susiang, M. I. N., Parashakti, R. D., & Rostina, C. N. (2023). The influence of the physical work environment, work motivation, and work discipline on employee performance. KnE Social Sciences, 286-295. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v8i12.13678

Prayudi, A. (2020). Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan transformasional terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan motivasi kerja sebagai variabel intervening (studi pada karyawan pd. Pembangunan kota binjai). Jurnal Manajemen, 6(2), 471788.

Riski, D., Idris, J., & Marwan, M. (2024). Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan transformasional kepala sekolah, disiplin kerja dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja guru. Hijri, 13(1), 71-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.30821/hijri.v13i1.20389

Rivai, A. (2020). Pengaruh kepemimpinan transformasional dan budaya organisasi terhadap kinerja karyawan. Maneggio: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Manajemen, 3(2), 213-223. https://doi.org/10.30596/maneggio.v3i2.5291

Rusdiah, N. (2024). Strategic human resource management: Enhancing competitive advantage in educational institutions. MANAZHIM, 6(1), 129-145. https://doi.org/10.36088/manazhim.v6i1.4343

Setyaningsih, S., & Sunaryo, W. (2021). Optimizing Transformational Leadership Strengthening, Self Efficacy, and Job Satisfaction to Increase Teacher Commitment. International Journal of Instruction, 14(4), 427-438.

Siswatiningsih, I., Raharjo, K., & Prasetya, A. (2018). Pengaruh kepemimpinan transformasional dan transaksional terhadap budaya organisasi, motivasi kerja, komitmen oganisasional dan kinerja karyawan. Jurnal Bisnis Dan Manajemen, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.26905/jbm.v5i2.2388

Steinmann, B., Klug, H. J., & Maier, G. W. (2018). The path is the goal: How transformational leaders enhance followers’ job attitudes and proactive behavior. Frontiers in psychology, 9, 2338. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02338

Upadhyaya, C. (2014). Application of the Maslow's hierarchy of need theory; impacts and implications on organizational culture, human resource and employee's performance. International Journal of Education and Management Studies, 4(4), 353.

Welsh, R. O., & Little, S. (2018). The school discipline dilemma: A comprehensive review of disparities and alternative approaches. Review of educational research, 88(5), 752-794. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654318791582

Xie, F., & Derakhshan, A. (2021). A conceptual review of positive teacher interpersonal communication behaviors in the instructional context. Frontiers in psychology, 12, 708490. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.708490

Yahya, S. (2024). Transformational leadership in improving teacher performance in madrasah. International Journal on Advanced Science, Education, and Religion, 7(3), 303-314. https://doi.org/10.33648/ijoaser.v7i3.766

Zaakiyyah, H. K. A. (2024). Innovative strategies to enhance the quality of higher education management: Human resource development and the critical role of communication. Journal of Contemporary Administration and Management (ADMAN), 2(1), 331-336. https://doi.org/10.61100/adman.v2i1.128

Zin, E. M., Wildana, S. N., & Anshori, M. I. (2023). Studi literatur: Gaya kepemimpinan transformasional dan motivasi kerja. Jurnal of Management and Social Sciences, 1(3), 208-231. https://doi.org/10.59031/jmsc.v1i3.176