Socio-Legal Analysis of the Detention of Children Under Police Investigation in the Bone Police Jurisdiction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55885/jprsp.v6i1.790Keywords:
Child Protection, Normative, PolicyAbstract
The problem of child crime is a very complex problem in its handling which is increasing every year. Indonesia as a country that ratified the Convention on the Rights of the Child which regulates the principle of legal protection for children has an obligation to provide special protection for children in conflict with the law. The purpose of this study is to examine the detention of children as perpetrators of criminal acts at the investigation level in the jurisdiction of the Bone Police in accordance with the provisions of Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning Juvenile Justice. This research method uses an empirical juridical approach, namely a legal approach that combines normative aspects (Law as regulations) with empirical aspects not only looking at written legal rules, but also how these rules are applied and understood in the practice of community life. The research results showed that the implementation of detention of child suspects at the Bone Police Department has been optimal, as stipulated in Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning Juvenile Justice, specifically regarding child detention. Obstacles identified include the absence of a dedicated unit to handle child issues, a lack of professional staff, limited budgets for the investigation process, and the lack of government involvement in implementing policies on juvenile justice. It is recommended that the local government and the police collaborate to disseminate information on laws and regulations regarding the child investigation process and legal protection for children in conflict.
References
Apostolaros, M., Babaian, D., Corneli, A., Forrest, A., Hamre, G., Hewett, J., ... & Randall, P. (2020). Legal, regulatory, and practical issues to consider when adopting decentralized clinical trials: recommendations from the clinical trials transformation initiative. Therapeutic innovation & regulatory science, 54(4), 779-787. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43441-019-00006-4
Bruning, M. R., & Doek, J. E. (2021). Characteristics of an effective child protection system in the European and international contexts. International journal on child maltreatment: research, policy and practice, 4(3), 231-256. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42448-021-00079-5
Budiyono, B., Wahyudi, S., & Retnaningrum, D. H. (2024). Kompatibilitas Restorative Justice dengan Nilai-Nilai Pancasila dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak. Pancasila: Jurnal Keindonesiaan, 4(1), 38-47. https://doi.org/10.52738/pjk.v4i1.444
Creutzfeldt, N. (2019). Traditions of studying the social and the legal: A short introduction to the institutional and intellectual development of socio-legal studies. In Routledge handbook of socio-legal theory and methods (pp. 9-34). London: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429952814
Dehaghani, R. (2017). ‘Vulnerable by law (but not by nature)’: examining perceptions of youth and childhood ‘vulnerability’in the context of police custody. Journal of Social Welfare and Family Law, 39(4), 454-472. https://doi.org/10.1080/09649069.2017.1390279
Dunn, M. C., Clare, I. C., & Holland, A. J. (2008). To empower or to protect? Constructing the ‘vulnerable adult’in English law and public policy. Legal studies, 28(2), 234-253. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-121X.2008.00085.x
Feeley, M. M. (2001). Three voices of socio-legal studies. Israel Law Review, 35(2-3), 175-204.
Filonia, F. B. (2024). Penerapan Restorative Justice terhadap Anak dalam Perspektif Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak di Indonesia. Jurnal Hukum In Concreto, 3(1), 98-113. https://doi.org/10.35960/inconcreto.v3i1.1848
Flynn, M. (2012). Who must be detained? Proportionality as a tool for critiquing immigration detention policy. Refugee Survey Quarterly, 31(3), 40-68. https://doi.org/10.1093/rsq/hds008
Freeman, M. (1997). The best interests of the child? Is the best interests of the child in the best interests of children?. International Journal of Law Policy and the Family, 11(3), 360-388. https://doi.org/10.1093/lawfam/11.3.360
Gavrilova, M. (2020). Administrative Detention by Non-State Armed Groups: Legal Basis and Procedural Safeguards. Israel Law Review, 53(1), 35-70. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021223719000219
Hart, S. N., & Glaser, D. (2011). Psychological maltreatment–Maltreatment of the mind: A catalyst for advancing child protection toward proactive primary prevention and promotion of personal well-being. Child Abuse & Neglect, 35(10), 758-766. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.06.011
Johnson, B. D., & DiPietro, S. M. (2012). The power of diversion: Intermediate sanctions and sentencing disparity under presumptive guidelines. Criminology, 50(3), 811-850. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9125.2012.00279.x
Jzani, M. R. (2025). The Effectiveness of Restorative Justice in Resolving Criminal Acts: Interaction Between Ocu Customary Law and Positive Law. Jurnal Ius Constituendum, 10(3), 394-414. https://doi.org/10.26623/jic.v10i3.12234
Khan, M. I., Shah, S., & Kanwel, S. (2023). Rehabilitation Reconsidered: A Comprehensive Legal Analysis. Journal of Asian Development Studies, 12(3), 1075-1081. https://doi.org/10.62345/
Leiber, M. J., & Fox, K. C. (2005). Race and the impact of detention on juvenile justice decision making. Crime & Delinquency, 51(4), 470-497. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011128705275976
Limantė, A., Vaičiūnienė, R., & Apolevič, J. (2021). Child-friendly legal aid and individual assessment of children in conflict with the law: building the basis for effective participation. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010017
Lin, T., Chen, H., & Wu, J. (2023). Research on the impact of restorative justice implementation on the social reintegration of offenders and the reduction of recidivism rates. Law and Economy, 2(11), 25-36.
Mainwaring, C., & Silverman, S. J. (2017). Detention-as-spectacle. International Political Sociology, 11(1), 21-38. https://doi.org/10.1093/ips/olw016
Markham, S. (2025). Stigmatization and marginalization of forensic psychiatric patients. Illness, Crisis & Loss, 33(3), 613-635. https://doi.org/10.1177/10541373241268095
Martin, L. L., & Mitchelson, M. L. (2009). Geographies of detention and imprisonment: Interrogating spatial practices of confinement, discipline, law, and state power. Geography Compass, 3(1), 459-477. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-8198.2008.00196.x
Mashaw, J. L. (2005). Norms, practices, and the paradox of deference: A preliminary inquiry into agency statutory interpretation. Admin. L. Rev., 57, 501.
Mears, D. P., & Kelly, W. R. (1999). Assessments and intake processes in juvenile justice processing: Emerging policy considerations. Crime & Delinquency, 45(4), 508-529. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011128799045004007
Meeler, L., & Todres, J. (2024). Deprivation of liberty as a last resort: Understanding the children's rights law mandate for youth justice. Stan. J. Int'l L., 60, 1.
Meerts, C. A. (2018). The organisation as the cure for its own ailments: corporate investigators in the Netherlands. Administrative Sciences, 8(3), 25. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci8030025
Mohammed, A. R., & Musah, B. I. (2025). Methodological and Ethical Reflections on Researching With Children of Accused Witches in Ghanaian Witches’ Camps. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 24, 16094069251383468. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069251383468
Neuman, G. L. (2018). Detention as a last resort: the implications of the Human Rights Committee’s General Comment No. 35. In Protecting Migrant Children (pp. 381-395). Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781786430267.00032
Nikoleishvili, K. (2025). Prisoners’ Right to Rehabilitation: Micro and Macro Level Indicators for the Assessment of the Fulfilment of States’ Positive Obligation. German Law Journal, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1017/glj.2025.15
Nnam, M. U., Obiefuna, O., Eni, O., Nwakanma, E. U., Offu, P., Effiong, J. E., ... & Otu, M. S. (2024). Why we break the law and relapse: Exploring the societal factor-recidivism nexus among selected inmates in a custodial center. Journal of Forensic Psychology Research and Practice, 24(5), 669-692. https://doi.org/10.1080/24732850.2023.2249444
Nofryanti, S., Sidabutar, H. T., Sitepu, G. F. Y., & Manalu, S. A. R. (2023). Implementasi Prinsip Hukum Islam dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak di Indonesia. Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Scientific Studies, 1(3), 16-24. https://doi.org/10.33151/ijomss.v1i3.105
Oostermeijer, S., Morgan, A. J., Ross, A. M., Grimmond, T., & Reavley, N. J. (2023). Stigmatising attitudes of probation, parole and custodial officers towards people with mental health issues: A systematic literature review and meta‐analysis. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 28(1), 165-199. https://doi.org/10.1111/lcrp.12227
Panu, A., Moonti, R. M., & Ahmad, I. (2025). Reformasi Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak di Indonesia Antara Diversi, Restoratif, dan Perlindungan Hak Anak. Politika Progresif: Jurnal Hukum, Politik dan Humaniora, 2(2), 276-293. https://doi.org/10.62383/progres.v2i2.1885
Penn, J. V., & Thomas, C. (2005). Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of youth in juvenile detention and correctional facilities. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 44(10), 1085-1098. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.chi.0000175325.14481.21
Pettus, C., Veeh, C. A., Renn, T. R., & Kennedy, S. C. (2021). The well-being development model: A theoretical model to improve outcomes among criminal justice system–involved individuals. Social Service Review, 95(3), 413-468.
Pobjoy, J. M. (2015). The best interests of the child principle as an independent source of international protection. International & Comparative Law Quarterly, 64(2), 327-363. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020589315000044
Pulukadang, P. M. (2023). Problems of Investigators in the Legal Process Against Children as Perpetrators of Abuse. Estudiante Law Journal, 5(2), 421-440. https://doi.org/10.33756/eslaj.v5i2.18652
R Wiyono, S. H. (2015). Pengadilan hak asasi manusia di Indonesia. Jakarta: Kencana.
Reading, R., Bissell, S., Goldhagen, J., Harwin, J., Masson, J., Moynihan, S., ... & Webb, E. (2009). Promotion of children's rights and prevention of child maltreatment. The Lancet, 373(9660), 332-343.
Santos, P. F. D. O. (2019). Beyond Minimalism and Usurpation: Designing Judicial Review to Control the Mis-Enforcement of Socio-Economic Rights. Wash. U. Global Stud. L. Rev., 18, 493.
Saputri, R. M., Wahyuni, F., & Muhsin, M. (2024). Analisis Kebijakan dalam Hukum Pidana Perlindungan Anak pada Pembaruan Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak di Indonesia. Selodang Mayang: Jurnal Ilmiah Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir, 10(2), 133-139. https://doi.org/10.47521/selodangmayang.v10i2.407
Saragih, R. F. (2025). Authorizing Coastal Communities in Fisheries Surveillance: lessons from implementing formal and customary laws in Indonesia. In Fish for the People Vol. 23 No. 3 (pp. 10-17). Secretariat, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center.
Smyth, C. M. (2019). Towards a complete prohibition on the immigration detention of children. Human Rights Law Review, 19(1), 1-36. https://doi.org/10.1093/hrlr/ngy045
Wangi, Y., & Tyas, D. (2017). Policy of Development for Juvenile Delinquency in the Perspective of Indonesian Criminal Justice System Reform (Study on Institute for Special Development Children LPKA Kutoarjo, Central Java, Indonesia). JILS, 2, 85.
Wessells, M. G. (2015). Bottom-up approaches to strengthening child protection systems: Placing children, families, and communities at the center. Child abuse & neglect, 43, 8-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2015.04.006
Zermatten, J. (2010). The best interests of the child principle: literal analysis and function. The International Journal of Children's Rights, 18(4), 483-499.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Public Representative and Society Provision

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.












