Enhancing Sustainable Performance via GHRM: Roles of Green Innovation and Organisational Culture in the Batam Hospitality Sector
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55885/jprsp.v6i1.840Keywords:
Green Human Resource Management, Green Innovation, Organizational Culture, Sustainable PerformanceAbstract
The depletion of natural resources and the intensification of climate change have become pressing global challenges for sustainable development. This study examines how Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) influences sustainable performance in the hospitality sector of Batam, with green innovation and organizational culture serving as mediating factors. Using a quantitative approach and Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), data were collected from 400 respondents working in hotels and resorts. The findings reveal that GHRM significantly enhances sustainable performance, primarily through the mediation of organizational culture and green innovation, with organizational culture emerging as the stronger mediator. These results emphasize the importance of integrating sustainability into human resource strategies to balance operational efficiency, environmental responsibility, and long-term success. Practically, hotels are encouraged to implement green training programs, incorporate environmental criteria into performance evaluations, and establish cross-functional teams to foster innovation and cultural change.
References
Adeoye, M. A., Jimoh, H. A., & Abdulkareem, H. B. (2023). Leadership and organizational cultural roles in promoting sustainable performance appraisal and job satisfaction among academic staff. ASEAN Journal of Economic and Economic Education, 2(2), 115-124.
Aggarwal, P., & Agarwala, T. (2022). Relationship of green human resource management with environmental performance: mediating effect of green organizational culture. Emerald, June 2022. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-08-2021-0474
Aggarwal, P., & Agarwala, T. (2023). Relationship of green human resource management with environmental performance: mediating effect of green organizational culture. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 30(7), 2351-2376. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-08-2021-0474
Agustin, H., & Basuki. (2025). The mediating role of green innovation in the relationship between environmental orientation and firm performance: Evidence from Indonesia. International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies, 8(1), 653–664. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLMA-04-2025-0133
Al-Alawneh, R., Othman, M., & Zaid, A. A. (2024). Green HRM impact on environmental performance in higher education with mediating roles of management support and green culture. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 32(6), 1141-1164. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-02-2023-3636
Ali, Y., Uddin, A., & Petrillo, A. (2024). The impact of government support and organizational culture on sustainable performance: Unveiling the mediating role of circular economy and eco-innovation. Sustainable Futures, 8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sftr.2024.100346
Alshuaibi, M. S. I., Alhebri, A., Khan, S. N., & Sheikh, A. A. (2024). Big data analytics, GHRM practices, and green digital learning paving the way towards green innovation and sustainable firm performance. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 10(4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2024.100396
Alves, J. R. X., & Alves, J. M. (2015). Production management model integrating the principles of lean manufacturing and sustainability supported by the cultural transformation of a company. International Journal of Production Research, 53(17), 5320-5333. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2015.1033032
Asif, M., Yang, L., & Hashim, M. (2024). The role of digital transformation, corporate culture, and leadership in enhancing corporate sustainable performance in the manufacturing sector of China. Sustainability, 16(7), 2651. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16072651
Astuti, S. D., Riyanto, F., & Demircioglu, A. (2023). How Does Green Human Resource Management Improve Sustainable Organizational Performance in Public Services? Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis, 14(2), 238–256. https://doi.org/10.18196/mb.v14i2.18160
Awwad Al-Shammari, A. S., Alshammrei, S., Nawaz, N., & Tayyab, M. (2022). Green Human Resource Management and Sustainable Performance With the Mediating Role of Green Innovation: A Perspective of New Technological Era. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.901235
Azeem, M., Ahmed, M., Haider, S., & Sajjad, M. (2021). Expanding competitive advantage through organizational culture, knowledge sharing and organizational innovation. Technology in Society, 66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2021.101635
Benevene, P., & Buonomo, I. (2020). Green human resource management: An evidence-based systematic literature review. In Sustainability (Switzerland) (Vol. 12, Issue 15). MDPI. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12155974
Casey, D., & Sieber, S. (2016). Employees, sustainability and motivation: Increasing employee engagement by addressing sustainability and corporate social responsibility. Research in Hospitality Management, 6(1), 69-76.
Cen, C. C. (2023). Studying the Impact of Green Human Resource Management Practices on Sustainable Workforce: The Integration of Employee Engagement with Organizational Culture. AgBioForum, 25(2), 96-107.
Chang, C. T., & Wang, K. J. (2025). The Impact of Green Innovation and Management on the Sustainability Performance of the Manufacturing Industry in Vietnam in Southeast Asia. World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, 21(2), 97–113. https://doi.org/10.47556/J.WJEMSD.21.2.2025.1
Dailami, Thamdzir, M., & Mikasari, A. D. (2022). Kesiapan Budaya Masyarakat Kota Batam Dalam Menyambut Batam Sebagai Kota Wisata. Jurnal Mata Pariwisata, Vol.1(02), 48. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.59193/jmp.v1i2
Fang, L., Shi, S., Gao, J., & Li, X. (2022). The mediating role of green innovation and green culture in the relationship between green human resource management and environmental performance. PLoS ONE, 17(9 September), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274820
Fok, L., Morgan, Y. C., Zee, S., & Mock, V. E. (2023). The impact of organizational culture and total quality management on the relationship between green practices and sustainability performance. International Journal of Quality and Reliability Management, 40(6), 1564–1586. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJQRM-12-2021-0450
Fok, L., Zee, S., & Morgan, Y. C. T. (2022). Green practices and sustainability performance: the exploratory links of organizational culture and quality improvement practices. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 33(5), 913-933. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMTM-11-2021-0439
Hadjri, M. I., Perizade, B., Zunaidah, & Farla, W. (2019). Green Human Resource Management, Green Organizational Culture, and Environmental Performance: An Empirical Study. Atlantis Press, 100(Icoi), 138–143. https://doi.org/10.2991/icoi-19.2019.25
Hakim, L. N. (2023, June). Green Manufacturing Practices and Green Innovation and Their Role In Sustainable Business Performance Through Culture Green Organization at Small Industrial Enterprises. In International Conference On Economics Business Management And Accounting (ICOEMA) (Vol. 2, pp. 366-376).
Hameed, Z., Khan, I. U., Islam, T., Sheikh, Z., & Naeem, R. M. (2020). Do green HRM practices influence employees’ environmental performance? International Journal of Manpower, 41(7), 1061–1079. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-08-2019-0407
Hastuti, D. T. (2022). Pengaruh Budaya Lingkungan Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Dimediasi Green Human Resources Management (Ghrm) Dan Kepuasan Kerja Survey Pada Karyawan Bank Kb Bukopin Cabang Yogyakarta.
Hori, S. (2020). Development and the Environment: Society, Business, and Social Consensus. Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3594-5
Jabbour, C. J. C., & Renwick, D. W. S. (2018). The soft side of environmentally-sustainable organizations. RAUSP Management Journal, 53(4), 622–627. https://doi.org/10.1108/RAUSP-07-2018-0044
Järvelä, M. (2023). Dimensions of cultural sustainability—Local adaptation, adaptive capacity and social resilience. Frontiers in Political Science, 5. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpos.2023.1285602
Khan, A. N., Mehmood, K., & Kwan, H. K. (2024). Green knowledge management: A key driver of green technology innovation and sustainable performance in the construction organizations. Journal of Innovation and Knowledge, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2023.100455
Khatter, A. (2023). Challenges and Solutions for Environmental Sustainability in the Hospitality Sector. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(15). https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511491
Laulita, N. B., & Setyawan, A. (2021). How Organizational Culture Moderate the Effect of Total Productive Maintenance Practice on Operational Performance? Evidences from Indonesian Mining Industry. Jurnal Optimasi Sistem Industri, 20(2), 93–103. https://doi.org/10.25077/josi.v20.n2.p93-103.2021
Li, H., Li, Y., Sarfarz, M., & Ozturk, I. (2023). Enhancing firms’ green innovation and sustainable performance through the mediating role of green product innovation and moderating role of employees’ green behavior. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istrazivanja, 36(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2022.2142263
Li, L., Msaad, H., Sun, H., Tan, M. X., Lu, Y., & Lau, A. K. W. (2020). Green innovation and business sustainability: New evidence from energy intensive industry in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(21), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217826
Longoni, A., Luzzini, D., & Guerci, M. (2018). Deploying environmental management across functions: the relationship between green human resource management and green supply chain management. Journal of Business Ethics, 151(4), 1081-1095. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-016-3228-1
Malik, S. Y., Hayat Mughal, Y., Azam, T., Cao, Y., Wan, Z., Zhu, H., & Thurasamy, R. (2021). Corporate social responsibility, green human resources management, and sustainable performance: is organizational citizenship behavior towards environment the missing link?. Sustainability, 13(3), 1044. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13031044
Marditama, T., Yusliza, M. Y., & Purnomo, A. K. (2024). The Link Between Green Human Resource Management and Environmental Performance through Green Innovation Practices: A Mini Literature Review During Year 2019-2023. Jesya, 7(2), 1317–1331. https://doi.org/10.36778/jesya.v7i2.1581
Martínez-Falcó, J., Sánchez-García, E., Marco-Lajara, B., & Georgantzis, N. (2024). Green human resource management and sustainable performance in the wine industry: the mediating role of green innovation. Benchmarking. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-12-2023-0854
Muisyo, P. K., & Qin, S. (2021). Enhancing the FIRM’S green performance through green HRM: The moderating role of green innovation culture. Journal of cleaner production, 289, 125720.
Muisyo, P. K., Qin, S., Ho, T. H., Julius, M. M., & Barisoava Andriamandresy, T. (2022). Implications of GHRM on organisational citizenship behaviour: the mediating role of enablers of green culture. International Journal of Manpower, 43(3), 719-741. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-05-2020-0245
Nogueira, E., Gomes, S., & Lopes, J. M. (2025). Unveiling triple bottom line’s influence on business performance. Discover Sustainability, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-025-00804-x
Norma, A., Putri, S., & Mustafa, Z. (2022). The Effect Of Green Organizational Culture And Green Reward On Organizational Citizenship Behavior With Organizational Commitment As Intervening Variables. https://doi.org/10.36418/dev.v3i4.124
Nurhakim, S., Murtiono, H., & Gunawan, I. G. N. A. (2024). Penerapan Green Material pada Bangunan Hotel untuk Menciptakan Arsitektur Ramah Lingkungan di Kota Batam. Jurnal Arsitektur Zonasi, 7(2), 337–346. https://doi.org/http://doi.org/10.17509/jaz.v7i2.68643
Ojokuku, R., Akanbi, F. K., & Abiodun, Y. A. (2025). Green Human Resource Management (Ghrm): Driving Sustainable Organizational Practices. Kings Journal Of Entrepreneurship, Innovation, And Management (Kjeim), 1(1).
Palmer, T. B., & Flanagan, D. J. (2016). The sustainable company: looking at goals for people, planet and profits. Journal of Business Strategy, 37(6), 28–38. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBS-09-2015-0095
Palupiningtyas, D., & Wahono, S. M. (2023). Green Human Resource Management: A Comprehensive Analysis of Practices, Impacts, and Future Directions. International Conference on Digital Advance Tourism, Management and Technology, 1(1), 01–07. https://doi.org/10.56910/ictmt.v1i1.6
Rehman, S. U., Kraus, S., Shah, S. A., Khanin, D., & Mahto, R. V. (2021). Analyzing the relationship between green innovation and environmental performance in large manufacturing firms. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120481
Rodríguez-González, R. M., Madrid-Guijarro, A., & Maldonado-Guzmán, G. (2023). Digital organizational culture and absorptive capacity as precursors to supply chain resilience and sustainable performance. Journal of Cleaner Production, 420. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.138411
Roscoe, S., Subramanian, N., Jabbour, C. J., & Chong, T. (2019). Green human resource management and the enablers of green organisational culture: Enhancing a firm's environmental performance for sustainable development. Business Strategy and the Environment, 28(5), 737-749. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2277
Sapta, I. K. S., Sudja, I. N., Landra, I. N., & Rustiarini, N. W. (2021). Sustainability performance of organization: Mediating role of knowledge management. Economies, 9(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/economies9030097
Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Hair, J. F. (2021). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. In Handbook of Market Research (Issue July). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57413-4_15
Saudi, M. H. M., Sinaga, O., & Zainudin, Z. (2019). The effect of green innovation in influencing sustainable performance: Moderating role of managerial environmental concern. International Journal of Supply Chain Management, 8(1), 303-310.
Setyadi, A., Pawirosumarto, S., & Damaris, A. (2025). Sustainable Operations Strategy in the Age of Climate Change: Integrating Green Lean Practices into Operational Excellence. Sustainability, 17(13), 5954. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17135954
Shahbaz, M. H., Ahmad, S., & Malik, S. A. (2025). Green intellectual capital heading towards green innovation and environmental performance: assessing the moderating effect of green creativity in SMEs of Pakistan. International Journal of Innovation Science, 17(3), 683-704. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJIS-08-2023-0169
Singh, S. K., Giudice, M. Del, Chierici, R., & Graziano, D. (2020). Green innovation and environmental performance: The role of green transformational leadership and green human resource management. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2019.119762
Tsymbaliuk, S., Vasylyk, A., & Stoliaruk, K. (2021). Green human resource management: how to implement environmental issues into HR practices. In E3S Web of Conferences (Vol. 255, p. 01037). EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125501037
Tu, Y., Lu, L., & Wang, S. (2024). Environmental regulations, GHRM and green innovation of manufacturing enterprises: evidence from China. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2024.1308224
Tulsi, P., & Ji, Y. (2020). A conceptual approach to green human resource management and corporate environmental responsibility in the hospitality industry. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(1), 195–203. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no1.195
Valentina, E., & Setyawan, A. (2025). Peran Budaya Organisasi Dalam Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasi dan Inovasi Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Organisasi. EQUILIBRIUM, 22(01), 53-64. https://doi.org/10.25134/tqb1pp34
Verma.K, P. K., & V.Vetrivel. (2025). Green HRM Practices and Its Influence on Organizational Culture and Environmental Performance in Chennai’s IT Sector. Asian Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting, 25(6), 428–439. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajeba/2025/v25i61863
Wang, C. H. (2019). How organizational green culture influences green performance and competitive advantage: The mediating role of green innovation. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 30(4), 666-683. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMTM-09-2018-0314
Wu, L. F., Huang, I. C., Huang, W. C., & Du, P. L. (2019). Aligning organizational culture and operations strategy to improve innovation outcomes: An integrated perspective in organizational management. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 32(2), 224-250. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOCM-03-2018-0073
Zhou, S., Rashid, M. H. U., Zobair, S. A. M., Sobhani, F. A., & Siddik, A. B. (2023). Does ESG Impact Firms’ Sustainability Performance? The Mediating Effect of Innovation Performance. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/su15065586
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Public Representative and Society Provision

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.












